Focusing on Good Role Models in Our Society (Spanish & English)

culture

by Maria Martínez (LTL Contributor)

Let’s Highlight and Focus on Good Role Models in Our Language Lessons

Lately, there is a big focus in the media on bad role models in our society. And as important as this is to uncover bad things, to make sure they don’t happen again, to deal with injustice and to keep everyone safe, I think there should be an emphasis on the opposite too. Let’s focus also on the good role models, the people who have achieved and are achieving great things, who have fought and are fighting for injustice, people whose work ethic can inspire the young generations and all of us.

I propose several activities to do this in our language lessons, activities that can reinforce vocabulary whilst serving as an inspiration.

What makes a person outstanding and inspiring?

What qualities do these exceptional people have?

Just asking those two questions can create a great opportunity to discuss adjectives and values in our society. We can also discuss how some values have changed for the worse, and how we, as a society, are focusing on empty and superficial values. A great opportunity to compare the role models in our society nowadays compared to role models in the past.

You can focus on any famous inspiring role model or students can also focus on a family member that has really inspired them. Below are a few examples from activities and resources in my channel, Bilingual Cerebros.

What adjectives can you use to describe a person that really inspires you?

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From these examples we can discuss how they are the opposite of some of the bad role models that sadly we are seeing recently more than ever on the news, and mention the negative adjectives too, but without giving it too much of a focus, as we want to cover the vocabulary, but we want to focus on the positivity and good role models and not the opposite. What we focus on, grows. So, let’s focus on goodness.

More examples:

In my channel you can find biographies of inspiring people with activities to practice the past tenses, reading and comprehension and questions about the texts. These are some of the resources that I recommend:

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Women that changed the world: https://youtu.be/RQWGwicnDvg?si=cajB7mnuD895EfrU

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José Hernández: https://youtu.be/7nQPBZ8rmIM?si=IjtYSbznawOOI840

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Frida Kahlo: https://youtu.be/k3FuLWt-5-w?si=gh-1sNwT3xrkeaVD

This is the link to the Playlist to this section in the channel:

Please let me know what other biographies you would like me to upload next, I appreciate your comments.

I hope these ideas and resources are helpful and inspire your lessons to focus on positivity and to create a better world together.


Vamos a destacar y enfocarnos en buenos modelos a seguir en nuestras clases de idiomas

Últimamente, los medios de comunicación se centran mucho en los malos modelos en nuestra sociedad. Y por muy importante que sea descubrir cosas malas, desenmascarar a personas fraudulentas, asegurarse de que no vuelvan a suceder, abordar la injusticia y mantener a todos a salvo, creo que también debería hacerse hincapié en lo contrario. Centrémonos también en los buenos modelos a seguir, las personas que han logrado y están logrando grandes cosas, que han luchado y están luchando por la injusticia, personas cuya ética de trabajo puede inspirar a las generaciones jóvenes y a todos nosotros.

Para ello propongo varias actividades en nuestras clases de idiomas, actividades que pueden reforzar el vocabulario y al mismo tiempo servir de inspiración. 

¿Qué hace que una persona sea excepcional e inspiradora?

¿Qué cualidades tienen estas personas excepcionales?

Simplemente hacer esas dos preguntas puede crear una gran oportunidad para discutir adjetivos y valores en nuestra sociedad. También podemos discutir cómo algunos valores han cambiado para mal y cómo nosotros, como sociedad, nos estamos centrando en valores vacíos y superficiales. Una gran oportunidad para comparar los modelos a seguir de nuestra sociedad actual con los modelos a seguir del pasado.

Puede centrarse en cualquier modelo a seguir inspirador famoso o los estudiantes también pueden centrarse en un miembro de su familia que realmente los haya inspirado. A continuación, os muestro algunos ejemplos de actividades y recursos en mi canal, Bilingual Cerebros.

¿Qué adjetivos puedes usar para describir a la persona que más te inspira?

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A partir de estos ejemplos podemos discutir cómo son lo opuesto a algunos de los malos modelos que lamentablemente estamos viendo últimamente más que nunca en las noticias, y mencionar también los adjetivos negativos, pero sin darles demasiado énfasis, solo para cubrir el vocabulario, pero lo que queremos es centrarnos en la positividad y los buenos modelos a seguir y no al revés. Aquello en lo que nos centramos crece. Entonces, centrémonos en la bondad.

En mi canal puedes encontrar biografías de personas inspiradoras con actividades para practicar el tiempo pasado, lectura y comprensión y preguntas sobre los textos. Estos son algunos de los recursos que recomiendo:

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Mujeres pioneras que cambiaron el mundo: https://youtu.be/RQWGwicnDvg?si=cajB7mnuD895EfrU

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José Hernández: https://youtu.be/7nQPBZ8rmIM?si=IjtYSbznawOOI840 

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Frida Kahlo: https://youtu.be/k3FuLWt-5-w?si=gh-1sNwT3xrkeaVD

Y más biografías en esta sección del canal. Listas de reproducción de esta sección: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL5TlFjB4h2gVeH0XWB3C-TYWfFEAstkQm&si=17FbbPhCnDACMJEp 

Por favor déjame saber qué otras biografías te gustarían que suba al canal, agradezco tus comentarios.

Espero que estas ideas y recursos sean útiles e inspiren sus lecciones para que se centren en la positividad y así crear juntos un mundo mejor.

Culture is my Daily Catalyst!

culture

by Noemí Rodríguez (LTL Contributor)

How can we lead with culture on a daily basis in our classrooms?

Culture can serve as your daily catalyst, as it did for me! A few months ago I had the opportunity to teach a High School Spanish Level III class and we began with the unit, “Stories of the Past”.  The unit’s communicative functions & essential questions are: -How does our past define who we are? -How does our present shape our future? -Recount the past -Describe how life used to be -Compare/contrast life in the past to the present

Working with department colleagues, we established that we would utilize the reader, “La Llorona de Mazatlan” and backwards planned our unit with the reader in mind, with a focus on Mexican culture, stories & legends.

As I began with this unit, I had an approximate window of when this unit would conclude and the different points of entry that I wanted to explore with students, based on the upcoming reader, vocabulary & structures necessary to address these communicative goals. I also started the school year with this unit and chose to focus primarily on describing past events & actions. So I began to plan out my weeks….

Week 1/2: Getting to Know Each Other, Establishing a Classroom Community/Goals & Descriptions of Summer Vacations  (Google Slideshow) 

Getting to know students and establishing a positive classroom culture is a key ingredient from day one. One way I approached this concept was doing a “Breakout” with students. Thanks to Kristine Keefe-Hasan (@kkeefe_hasan) aka LaProfeAlta, I was introduced to her breakout, Gozadera, which had the students working in teams to try to unlock the puzzles! It was neat to see them working together to build our classroom community during the first few days together. I also used Canva to design my Spanish III syllabus, which was a different way to approach the typical first-day class outline. (rodriguez syllabus espanol iii)

I started off by describing what I had done in the summer and ironically, I had recently taken a trip to Mexico with my family. I was able to provide input through images and video of my experience and as a pre-assessment for students, asked that the students share the same through the creation of a Screencast video of their summer vacations. This provided me with immediate insight as to how well the students could describe past events and from this, I changed my instructional practices to further emphasize descriptions in the past. 

Week 3: Highlighting Famous Spanish-Speaking Individuals  (Google Slideshow)

After the first class meeting, I knew the students needed way more input! I selected the biographical reader, Vidas Impactantes, and broke the class into six different groups, to allow students to become “experts” on a particular Spanish-speaking individual and to also highlight Hispanic Heritage Month.

Students read in class and I utilized the technique of “Reciprocal Reading” as students alternated which role they played as they read in small groups. As a follow-up assessment, students created informative Google Slideshows about their individual to be shared with the class. They were also given an interpretive reading and presentational writing assessment/quiz focused on key vocabulary. This key vocabulary pulled from Vidas Impactantes had a direct correlation to the unit’s essential questions & the upcoming reader: La Llorona. 

Week 4/5: El Pasado: Leyendas Mexicanas (Google Slideshow)

These weeks served as recycling vocabulary from La Llorona, so I continued with my emphasis on input by providing students with (4) Mexican legends that we would read together and discuss. I also provided vocabulary lists through Quizlet, which students practiced with vocabulary both in/out of class. I displayed these lists for students to view & we also “acted” out the words as a whole group.

I utilized different reading techniques such as volleyball translation, whole group reading, popsicle stick reading (randomly calling on students to continue), paired reading and stop/summarize reading. Each legend that students read was read differently. After reading and discussing these different legends, students discussed which was their “favorite” and interviewed my sister-in-law via Skype, who happens to be from Mexico. I also used the song & music video, “Robarte un beso” to emphasize my sister-in-law’s favorite legend: El Callejón del Beso. 

Week 6/7/8: La Llorona, Our IPA, The Reader & Mexico: El Presente (Google Slideshow 1 , 2

Before diving into the reader, “La Llorona”, I wanted to build background knowledge for the students about this legend. Students completed an EdPuzzle activity for homework and I conducted a MovieTalk narrating the legend using a Youtube video. I posted the La Llorona vocabulary in the back of the classroom, so as I retold the story, I could continue to recycle/emphasize certain words.

At this point, I felt the students were ready to engage in a summative Integrated Performance Assessment with the emphasis of Mexican Legends. Students were provided a different version of La Llorona to read & respond to questions as their interpretive portion, students engaged in a Writers Workshop process by re-writing their own version of their favorite Mexican legend and finally, students had to re-tell their stories/ask questions about one another’s favorite legends for their interpersonal portion via Flip.  Questions posed to assist with their conversations were as follows: 

  • Describa tu leyenda mexicana a tu compañero. 
  • ¿Quién es parte de tu leyenda?  ¿Qué pasó?
  • ¿Cómo terminó tu leyenda?  ¿Te gustó la leyenda? ¿Por qué?

We began to read the reader as a class and at this point, because of the backward design process and all of the “preloading” of the important vocabulary that was coming up in this reader, students were able to comprehend 90-95% of the story. In one of the beginning chapters, a discussion between the main character and her father takes place about whether or not Mexico is a safe country. We paused as a class to explore this question and I used materials created by the wonderful Kara Jacobs (@karacjacobs) to discuss narco-violence. 

Taking it a step further and hoping to have students further connect, my brother who is a police officer shared via Google Hangouts how widespread Mexican cartel violence truly is as he described some of his experiences with local gangs and hostage situations. Please know that my intention was not to scare these 10th/11th-grade students but to ensure that they are aware that these crimes are happening globally and also, affecting our communities locally in New Jersey. 

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Culture Daily

A wonderful aspect about these culturally relevant readers is that it does provide a teacher with moments to transition for a bit outside of the reader and dive into a topic that is compelling/interesting for the students to explore & discuss. 

My short experience with teaching Spanish III proved that you CAN utilize common curriculum documents, essential questions, and communicative functions but still allow culture to guide the path & planning of daily lessons. I chose to emphasize Mexico, Mexican culture and legends but there are many different ways one can go to reach that same goal of utilizing a culturally relevant reader with students for communicative purposes!

Halloween, El Día de los Muertos y El Día de Todos los Santos + Monsters Competition! (Spanish & English)

Halloween

by María Martínez (LTL Contributor)

Why I love this time of the year!

I love this time of the year! But when I come to think about it, it wasn’t always the case…

I grew up in Spain, and when I was little, this time of the year was the beginning of the cold weather, shorter days, longer nights, and still a long wait for Christmas…

At the beginning of November, we celebrate “All Saints Day”. However, as a child, I didn’t like it, because it would mean going to the cemetery and in those days, children weren’t explained much about it, the importance of that commemoration and its meaning. So, to be honest, I didn’t like it very much…

However, today, things have changed very much. Thanks to the Internet and social media and the globalization that they brought, we can learn about different ways to celebrate similar things in different cultures. 

I really find it fascinating how El Día de Muertos is celebrated in México compared to how somber the topic of death is in Spain. It is a great teaching opportunity in lessons to talk about how the same topic can be perceived so differently in different countries. 

The new generations are enjoying experiencing these traditions, even when they are not typical from their own countries. For example, in Spain in the past, Halloween was always a foreign celebration that you would see in the movies. Nowadays, Halloween is celebrated in many Spanish cities and even small villages and children can experience it firsthand. 

The same thing can be said about El Día de Muertos in the United States. Nowadays, it is celebrated in many major and smaller cities, for example in Los Angeles, San Diego, Alburquerque to name a few. And it is not only the celebration itself, but the learning about its meaning and all the traditions around it in schools so that children grow up with the experience of this celebration but also an understanding of its meaning.

I invite you to watch a few resources related to these 3 topics: Halloween, El Día de Muertos y El Día de Todos los Santos. Remember that if you need the PDF or PPT versions from these resources, you can contact me on bilingualcerebros@gmail.com and I will be happy to share them with you. They are free.

Do you like this time of the year? Was your experience growing up different too? 

Resources:

Halloween Monsters Competition

I invite you all to participate and invite your students to take part in the 2nd edition of the Halloween Monster Competition: https://youtu.be/Y_o2UoOARdw?si=AiRZNwoYrwUtclx8

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¡Por qué me encanta esta época del año!

¡Me encanta esta época del año! Pero cuando lo pienso, no siempre fue así…

Crecí en España, y cuando era pequeña, esta época del año significaba siempre el comienzo del frío, los días más cortos, las noches más largas y aún había que esperar mucho para la Navidad…

A principios de noviembre celebramos el “Día de Todos los Santos”. Sin embargo, cuando era niña no me gustaba, porque significaba ir al cementerio y en aquellos días a los niños no se les explicaba mucho sobre eso, la importancia de esa conmemoración y su significado. Entonces, para ser honesta, no me gustaba mucho…

Sin embargo, hoy las cosas han cambiado mucho. Gracias a Internet y las redes sociales y la globalización que trajeron, podemos aprender sobre diferentes formas de celebrar estos días en diferentes culturas. 

Encuentro realmente fascinante cómo se celebra el Día de Muertos en México en comparación con lo sombrío que es el tema de la muerte en España. Es una gran oportunidad didáctica para hablar en las lecciones sobre cómo el mismo tema puede percibirse de manera tan diferente en diferentes países.

Las nuevas generaciones disfrutan viviendo estas tradiciones, incluso cuando no son típicas de sus propios países. Por ejemplo, en España antiguamente Halloween siempre fue una celebración extranjera que se veía en las películas. Hoy en día, Halloween se celebra en la mayoría de las ciudades españolas e incluso en algunos pueblos pequeños y los niños pueden vivirlo en primera persona. 

Lo mismo puede decirse del Día de Muertos en Estados Unidos. Hoy en día, se celebra en muchas ciudades grandes y pequeñas, por ejemplo, en Los Ángeles, San Diego y Alburquerque, por nombrar algunas. Y no es sólo la celebración en sí, sino el aprendizaje en los colegios sobre su significado y todas las tradiciones que la rodean para que los niños crezcan con la experiencia de esta celebración, pero también con la comprensión de su significado.

Te invito a ver algunos recursos relacionados con estos 3 temas: Halloween, El Día de Muertos y El Día de Todos los Santos. Recuerda que, si necesita las versiones PDF o PPT de estos recursos, puede contactarme en bilingualcerebros@gmail.com y estaré feliz de compartirlas contigo. Son gratis.

¿Te gusta esta época del año? ¿Tuviste una experiencia diferente en tu niñez?

Resources:

Concurso de Monstruos de Halloween

Os invito a todos a participar e invito a vuestros alumnos a participar en la 2da edición del Concurso de Monstruos de Halloween: https://youtu.be/Y_o2UoOARdw?si=AiRZNwoYrwUtclx8

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La Influencia Árabe en la Lengua Española

https://euroidiomas.eu/

by Alonso Cano (LTL Contributor)

La lengua española, también conocida como castellano, es un reflejo vivo de la historia y la rica interacción cultural que ha tenido lugar en la península ibérica. Una de las influencias más significativas y duraderas en el español es la del árabe, una lengua que dejó una profunda huella durante los más de 700 años de presencia musulmana en España, desde el siglo VIII hasta el XV.

Según el filólogo español Rafael Lapesa, más de 4.000 palabras de nuestro léxico (incluidos los topónimos) provienen del árabe, lo que supone en torno a un 8 % del vocabulario total del castellano.

Contexto Histórico de la Influencia Árabe

La influencia árabe comenzó con la conquista musulmana de la península ibérica en el año 711 y se extendió durante la dominación de al-Ándalus, el territorio gobernado por musulmanes. Durante este periodo, hubo un intercambio cultural y lingüístico intenso entre los habitantes musulmanes y los cristianos y judíos que convivían en la región.

https://euroidiomas.eu/

Aportaciones Léxicas

El legado más evidente de esta convivencia es el vasto número de palabras de origen árabe que se han incorporado al español. Se estima que alrededor de 4.000 palabras en el español moderno tienen raíces árabes. Estas palabras abarcan diversas áreas del conocimiento y la vida cotidiana, reflejando la avanzada cultura y tecnología de al-Ándalus. Algunos ejemplos notables incluyen:

  • Almohada (al-mujadda): Refiriéndose al cojín o almohada.
  • Almendra (al-majroud): La fruta seca del almendro.
  • Aceituna (al-zaytūna): La fruta del olivo.
  • Algodón (al-qutn): Material textil obtenido de la planta de algodón.
  • Alcohol (al-kuḥl): Sustancia química que se encuentra en bebidas fermentadas.
  • Alcalde (al-qāḍī): Funcionario que preside un ayuntamiento.

Influencia Árabe en Términos Científicos y Técnicos

La influencia árabe es especialmente notable en términos científicos y técnicos. Durante la Edad Media, los eruditos musulmanes hicieron avances significativos en campos como la matemática, la astronomía, la medicina y la química. Muchas de las palabras relacionadas con estos campos provienen del árabe, como:

  • Azimut (al-sumūt): Término de navegación y astronomía.
  • Cero (ṣifr): Número que representa la nada.
  • Jirafa (zarāfa): El animal africano de cuello largo.
  • Química (al-kīmiyā): La ciencia que estudia la composición y propiedades de la materia.

Influencia Árabe en la Toponimia y la Nomenclatura

La presencia árabe también se refleja en los nombres de lugares. Muchos topónimos en España tienen origen árabe, como:

  • Guadalquivir (al-wādi al-kabīr): El gran río.
  • Guadalajara (wād al-ḥijāra): El valle de las piedras.
  • Almería (al-Marīyya): La atalaya o torre vigía.

Impacto en la Gramática y Fonética

Además del léxico, el árabe ha influido en la fonética y la sintaxis del español. Algunos sonidos presentes en el español, como la aspiración de la “h” en ciertas regiones, pueden rastrearse hasta la influencia árabe. Asimismo, la estructura de algunas expresiones y la incorporación de partículas como “ojalá” (inshallah, que significa “si Dios quiere”) reflejan esta herencia.

https://euroidiomas.eu/

Legado Cultural

Más allá de la lengua, la influencia árabe se extiende a la arquitectura, la música, la gastronomía y otras áreas de la cultura española. Este legado cultural enriquece y define la identidad única del mundo hispanohablante.

La Influencia Árabe

La influencia árabe en la lengua española es un testimonio de la rica historia de interacción y convivencia en la península ibérica. Este legado lingüístico no solo añade profundidad y riqueza al español, sino que también nos recuerda la importancia del intercambio cultural en la formación de las lenguas y las sociedades. Hoy, las palabras de origen árabe en el español son un puente hacia un pasado compartido y una celebración de la diversidad cultural.

la influencia árabe

¿Cuál es tu palabra favorita de influencia o raíz árabe? A nosotros nos gustan muchas… Aceite o gazpacho entre nuestras preferidas.


Euroidiomas Escuela de Idiomas de Úbeda

El subjuntivo entre acordes: Canciones para el nivel intermedio (in Spanish)

by Ramón Clavijo (LTL Contributor)

¿No te parece fascinante que tus alumnos retengan con facilidad las letras de las canciones 🎶🥰, incluso de las más complejas? Es asombroso ver cómo reproducen sin aparente dificultad sus palabras más complicadas, sus rimas, su sintaxis… En efecto, las canciones son una puerta al español que los profesores debemos mantener no solo abierta, sino además bien cuidada y con sus goznes en perfecto funcionamiento 🚪🎵.

Por eso, hoy nos gustaría hablarte de una serie de canciones que te pueden venir muy bien para abrirles de par en par a tus estudiantes las puertas del subjuntivo. Y para ello, nos vamos a centrar en las siguientes estructuras con las que expresar deseos y peticiones en español:


👉 Querer + infinitivo / querer que + subjuntivo.

Podemos encontrar un buen contraste entre una y otra matriz en la canción Quiero tener tu presencia, de Seguridad Social. Canción noventera, marchosa, con buen ritmo y trazas de denuncia social.


👉 Ojalá (que) + subjuntivo.

Para trabajar con esta estructura podemos recurrir a un clásico entre los clásicos: Ojalá que llueva café, de Juan Luis Guerra 🌧☕️. Con ella, además, podemos ver léxico relacionado con el español de América (en especial, productos agrícolas 🍯🥔🍓), sin olvidarnos tampoco de la reivindicación social.


👉 Que + subjuntivo.

En relación con esta matriz, te presentamos a otra veterana de las “canciones ELE”: Shakira. Hubo un tiempo en el que sus letras tenían un contenido profundo. De esa época, rescatamos para ti la canción Que me quedes tú, cuya sucesión de verbos en subjuntivo hace todavía más bonito su mensaje de amor 🥰.


👉 Pedir que + subjuntivo.

No dejamos Colombia 🇨🇴 para trabajar la siguiente estructura. En este caso, te hablamos de A Dios le pido, canción con la que Juanes se hizo conocido en España allá por el cambio de milenio. Amor ❤️ y contenido social 🌎 a partes iguales en una canción de la que no dudamos que le gustará a tus estudiantes.


👉 Solo le pido a Dios

Y ya que hablamos de pedirle cosas a Dios 🙏, no podemos terminar esta entrada sin mencionar al cantautor argentino 🇦🇷 León Gieco y su Solo le pido a Dios: guitarra, armónica, voz rasgada, letra reivindicativa y subjuntivo.

¿Qué más podemos pedir?

A ti, lo único que te pedimos es que nunca pierdas la pasión por enseñar el subjuntivo… 😊

Nube de palabras (subjuntivo)

Motivating and Inspiring Through Music in Language Lessons

by Maria Martinez (LTL Contributor)

Looking back at what motivated me as a learner when I was a child and I started learning English, brings back memories from my primary school years in a small village in the south of Spain. Back then foreign languages were introduced in Year 6 (at age 12).

Before that, I’ve had my first contact with English through music like most of us did back then, listening to Madonna, Michael Jackson and all the great singers from the 80s, (I’m showing my age now…🙃😊) musicals like Grease, etc. And of course, I loved singing their songs without having a clue about their content and mispronouncing every single word: “Wi ar de worl, wi ar de children!” or “Laik a berjen, tach for the beri ferst taim” 🤣

One day, I remember that one of my sister’s friends heard me singing and started laughing at me (not only because of my singing, but more because of the words that I was saying… Well, not that she knew any better, as she was older than me and the older generations were learning French…). I must have been around 8 or 9 years old, but I remember it really annoyed me and that day I decided that one day I would speak English really well and that I would understand every single word from my favorite singers.

Some years later, when I was about 12-13 and I was already learning English at the school, I remember that I had fallen in love with the boy band of that time “New Kids On The Block.” I used to spend hours and hours listening to their songs, rewinding my tapes (very 80s!) and writing down the lyrics that I could understand by decoding them on my own and using my Spanish/English dictionary to find out what they were singing about.

Ahhh the 80s! No Google Translate back then to help me, all manual… But you know what? There was something about that process that really helped those words and sentences stick better in my head and allow them to stay in the long-term memory and embed themselves as part of my vocabulary. 

Don’t get me wrong, I am really in love with technology and all the advantages that it brings; however, I am seeing how relying too much on technology is making us all slowly less sharp… Faster for some things, but in terms of independent learning and reasoning, I think that the abuse of technology could make us lose some of our intellectual capacities gradually, so I believe that keeping a balance is very important. The key thing is to find the balance, like with everything else in life.

Music in Language Lessons

Going back to the motivation and inspiration when learning languages, I believe that Music is without a doubt a tool to be used in lessons as frequently as possible. I invite you to the section in my channel called  MUSIC & ACTIVITIES IN SPANISH & ENGLISH LESSONS, where I post and recommend songs and activities related to them.

I try to choose songs that have great messages, key structures, verb tenses that need to be revised (subjuntivo, pretéritos, etc.) Also, I try to give ideas of activities that you can do in Spanish and English lessons. I hope you find them helpful and include music in your lessons to motivate and inspire students. Be on the look as I will be uploading many more soon.

Check that section of the channel and let me know!

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Teaching and Celebrating International Days in World Language Classes

Teaching and celebrating international days in World Language classes helps students see the power of learning languages. The International Days in September are particularly special to me. They help me set the tone of what is important in class, they help expand students’ global views, and they help me see how (un)comfortable students are in an immersion-style class. We celebrate International Literacy Day, September 8 and International Dot Day, September 15. In this post, we will only talk about International Literacy Day.

International Literacy Day (ILD) has been recognized on September 8 since 1967, when UNESCO chose this day as a reminder of the importance of literacy as a human right. Each year, UNESCO adopts a theme and the one for this year is “Promoting literacy for a world in transition: Building the foundation for sustainable and peaceful societies.” I wondered if my students would grasp this theme, and  I was pleasantly surprised when they surpassed my expectations. 

I presented  UNESCO’s theme, an image, a poster, and a book to my students, and used thinking routines to help go deeper into comprehending the concept of “Promoting literacy for a world in transition: Building the foundation for sustainable and peaceful societies.”

First, students found cognates, such as,  ‘promoting’ ‘transition’ ‘foundation’ ‘sustainable’ and ‘societies’. and familiar words, within the theme for the year. 

Then, students studied and described the image from the ILD concept note to go deeper in their understanding. It was developed by UNESCO and showed the relationship between literacy and the UN 17 Sustainable Development Goals. The image I used is the following:

There are posters with the Sustainable Development Goals icons in my classroom, so my  students are very familiarized with them. They observed the symbols in the image, and started making connections. Here, they ‘got’ the word ‘peaceful’.

The second visual was the poster created by UNESCO to celebrate ILD. Students worked with a peer and in small groups to describe the poster and then discussed it as a class. The poster I used is the following:

International Literacy Day

Students loved the poster! It brought the words ‘literacy’ and ‘world’ to the forefront. I had to explain with gestures the word ‘building’ as it is not a cognate or a familiar word to my students. After I helped them figure out the meaning of “building”, they got what “Promoting literacy for a world in transition: Building the foundation for sustainable and peaceful societies” meant. It was one of those ‘Aha’ moments in learning.

I chose a book that showed a concrete example related to the ILD theme for 2023. I read “El violín de Ada” written by Susan Wood and translated by Shelley McConnell. It is based on the story of the “Cateura Orchestra” in Paraguay that made its instruments with recycled materials. Students immediately connected the story to ‘building sustainable and peaceful societies’. Many of my students play instruments so they made a personal connection to the story.

Moment of truth! It was time to put ideas together. I asked them to connect the theme, the book, the image, and the poster to see how much they really understood. For this, students used the Project Zero Thinking Routines “10×2” in 5th grade and Hexagonal Thinking in 6th grade.

I loved how my 5th graders stretched their thinking and completed the thinking routine using a limited number of words. They wrote words familiar to them and then they asked me if words like ‘creative’ ‘talented’ ‘curiosity’ were cognates and tried to figure them out in Spanish. Students felt so proud of their work, and I was proud too.

I gave each of my 6th graders a printed sheet of paper full of hexagons. They had to individually write a word connecting the resources in each hexagon. Afterwards, in groups of 3, they glued their cut hexagons by grouping them by themes. In the end, they had to write a phrase that described the groupings. It was my first time using hexagonal thinking and I loved how students worked individually and in small groups, and what they created. All groups concluded that education is fundamental for building strong communities. ‘Wow!’ I thought, ‘they got it.’

Have you integrated international day celebrations into your world language classes? How do you think teaching and celebrating international days in world language classes might impact your curriculum? If you have not started celebrating international days yet, start by choosing one that you want to share with your students. Then, think of one or two activities that you can include in your class. Next year you will revisit your plan and I am sure that you will be adding a spin to it. This is one way of starting integrating international days into your world language classes. International day celebrations set the tone for what is important. 

De física cuántica, arqueología… y amor (in Spanish)

by Ramón Clavijo (LTL Contributor)

Las preposiciones son “personajes” particulares a la hora de aprender un idioma. De pequeños nos aprendíamos la retahíla en orden alfabético y la recitábamos con orgullo en clase. Pero ya de mayores llega el problema de aprenderlas en otras lenguas y comienzan las dificultades 🫣: reflexionamos sobre ellas 🤔 y nos damos cuenta de que ni siquiera podríamos explicarlas en nuestro idioma 🤷‍♂️. Y, por si fuera poco, dependiendo de la lengua, cambian de posición y hasta de nombre 🤦🏽 (y resulta que se llaman “posposiciones” ↩️).

En suma, que al final nos resignamos a tratar de usarlas… y ya está, aplicamos alguna regla mnemotécnica o simplemente actuamos por “ensayo y error” (al fin y al cabo, como diríamos en Galicia, “malo será” …).

Y es que si queremos establecer un símil con la física, podríamos pensar que las preposiciones son la parte “cuántica” de la lengua: nos da la impresión (es solo una percepción) de que se comportan de forma caprichosa, de que son difíciles de controlar… 🤪 Nos desesperamos porque los patrones que creíamos haber establecido no se cumplen 😨 y maldecimos porque la comparación con otras lenguas no solo es insuficiente, sino que genera confusión.

Puesto que las explicaciones tradicionales no son satisfactorias, debemos recurrir a otros modelos explicativos, como por ejemplo, la arqueología 🏛.

“¿La arqueología? ¿Habéis perdido la cabeza?”🤪. Bueno, lo de “arqueología” es una nueva metáfora (como puedes ver, nos gustan mucho los símiles). Esta disciplina rastrea los orígenes 🧐, y si hablamos de buscar el origen en el uso de una preposición, tenemos que hablar de gramática cognitiva 🧠, un apasionante enfoque que trata de llegar al significado primitivo de las preposiciones, para entender y explicar su uso presente (enfoque especialmente útil en el aula de ELE).

En la entrada de hoy no vamos a ofrecerte ninguna fórmula mágica para enseñar las preposiciones a tus estudiantes. Lo que vamos a hacer en las siguientes líneas es hablar de amor 👨🏻‍❤️‍👨🏽👩‍❤️‍👨👩🏻‍❤️‍👩🏽.

Ahora sí que puedes pensar que hemos perdido la cabeza de verdad 🙄. Pero todo tiene una explicación 🙏. En efecto, si nos hemos atrevido a relacionar las preposiciones con la física cuántica y con la arqueología, ¿por qué no íbamos a intentar hacer lo mismo con el amor? Y si de paso nuestros alumnos aprenden algunas colocaciones con preposición, pues mucho mejor…

En español nos enamoramos DE alguien 💞 (igual que hacen los italianos), mientras que en portugués, inglés y coreano (esta última usa posposiciones) la gente se enamora “con” otra persona. Podemos enamorarnos de muchas formas, pero una posible manera es hacerlo A primera vista 👀💘, después de una cita A ciegas 🙈❤️.

Tras un tiempo de enamoramiento, en español nos casamos CON esa persona de la que estamos enamorados, al igual que en portugués y coreano, mientras que en inglés y en italiano no se usa preposición para expresar tan bonita unión.

Pero como el amor es eterno… mientras dura, llega un momento en que se acaba, y necesitamos expresar dicho fin ❤️👋. Y para eso también tenemos las preposiciones: así, en español rompemos CON alguien o nos divorciamos DE alguien 🙍‍♀️🙍💔, al igual que en las lenguas anteriores (excepto en coreano, en donde nos divorciamos “con” alguien).

En fin, que las preposiciones nos acompañan en las diferentes etapas de nuestra vida. Están ahí, son necesarias y tenemos que convivir con ellas. Y lo mejor es hacerlo con humor.


Some Posts by Contributor Ramón Clavijo

𝐄l Camino hacia el Subjuntivo

𝐋as 𝐂anciones 𝐃el 𝐏asado – The Songs of the Past

FREUD, EL ESPAÑOL Y EL SUPERYÓ


Professional and Personal Experiences Inform My Language Curriculum

Have you ever wondered why we teach what we teach? I realized that my professional and personal experiences inform my language curriculum in more ways than I have imagined. 

It all started when a few years ago, in the educational and pedagogical arenas, there was a big emphasis on culturally responsive teaching. That is when I decided to revisit my curriculum. Among all the units, I started by digging deeper into the typical ‘get to know students’ one at the beginning of the school year. Yes, it is important to know what students’ preferred name is and learn about their favorites, and I do not underestimate this, but to me that was not enough. I wanted my students to learn about themselves, who they are and who they want to become as language learners. 

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A children’s book, a trip to a museum, and a fellowship are three examples that informed my unit on identity. I developed, tweaked, and grew this unit throughout the years.

A Professional and Personal Experience: A Children’s Book

I had the privilege of meeting Rafael Lopez in person when he received the Americas Award for illustrating Pat Mora’s Yum! MMMM! Que Rico!. Lopez made an imprint on me that day. I bought most of his titles from then onwards (all worth it!).

When I read Rafael Lopez’s, El dia en que descubres quien eres, I knew I had to introduce it to my students. This book reminds us not to forget how you feel when you are new to a place. It reminds us of the importance of making connections and sharing stories among each other. It touches upon the identifiers of race, ethnicity, gender, class, ability, origin, and age and at the same time it develops empathy. I use the Project Zero Thinking Routine CSI – Color, Symbol, and Image – to have students show understanding of the story.


A Personal Experience: A Trip to a Museum 

I make a big emphasis throughout the identity unit on the importance of learning about the ‘invisible’ side of people, of others and of our own. Students discover and explore this by walking the same steps I walked many years ago when I saw ‘Braiding’ by Lin Tianmiao while visiting a Chicago museum.

Lin Tianmiao massive installation made a huge impact on me back then. I decided to add this work of art into the identity unit. It seemed the appropriate way of helping students understand how much of what we see and perceive influences what we think about others. 

Students use the simple (but powerful) Project Zero Thinking Routine “I see, I think, I wonder” to describe the installation. As a first entry to the art, I only show students the face in the artwork. Once students share what they have written about what they see, think, and wonder, I show them the complete piece of art. In their own words they express what I intended them to understand.

http://sites.asiasociety.org/arts/past_future/images/lin_tianmiao.jpg

A Professional Experience: A Fellowship 

I want to show students that we cannot stop at the visible part of human beings to learn about others. Introducing them to Caja de Memoria Viva II: Constancia Colón Clemente by Adrián Viajero Román seemed the way to go. The following materials are based on the collections developed when Marcela and I participated in the Smithsonian Fellowship

Students use personal memories to recall what songs or sounds, what smells, what artifacts, and what tastes we associate with home or a special place for us. Only then we analyze the art.

Students observe and analyze the three dimensional work of art first. Then they describe both its exterior and interior. I usually start by showing students some photographs of the visible cube representing the head of a person. The installation is of a black Puerto Rican woman who migrated to the United States in the 1940s. 

After they observe the photos from the outside, I have them observe photos of the inside of the piece of art. Students see lots of different objects hanging in the inside walls of the cube.

We continue by using the Project Zero Thinking Routine ‘Layers.’ This routine provides learners with a structure for looking analytically at creative works through its narrative, aesthetic, mechanical, dynamic, and connections.

Example questions for using ‘Layers’ 

-Who do you think is this person? 

-How old do you think she is? 

-Where do you think she lives? 

-How does this installation make you feel? 

-What do you see? 

-What is unique in this piece? 

-How does it connect with your personal experiences?  

The installation helps students concretely see the connection between the ‘visible’ and ‘invisible’ sides of a person. One important aspect about this art piece is the fact that you can hear the voice of Constancia Colon Clemente when you are under the installation. It feels you really are in her head!

Future Professional and Personal Experiences

The examples mentioned above – a children’s book, a trip to a museum, and a fellowship – informed my unit on identity. I will surely keep on developing and tweaking this unit in the years to come.

Though usually unexpectedly, my professional and personal experiences will keep on influencing my language curriculum. Therefore, I wonder where my next inspiration will come from.

Olivia y el violín: World Languages / Music Interdisciplinary Connections

Interdisciplinary Connections” is a column of Language Teaching Lab to show specific examples of connections between world language teaching and other subjects at school

by Vicky Masson

Interdisciplinary connections

Long-lasting learning happens when students’ minds and hearts are involved and invested in their own growth, when what is being taught sparks their curiosity, and when they make connections. The more senses involved, the better. Interdisciplinary connections are powerful experiences for student learning.

What is Olivia y el violin

Olivia y el violín by Silvina Rocha and illustrated by Vanessa Zorn is a picture book in Spanish about a girl named Olivia who is in search of creating beautiful melodies using her violin. She experiments with different sounds and tries new ways of playing music with her violin. At times she is frustrated, at times she is sad, and at times she wants to give up. However, Olivia persists. She persists till she succeeds in creating music. 

https://syncreticpress.com/collections/childrens-books/products/olivia-y-el-violin
Olivia y el violin – Syncretic Press

Idea on how to integrate it with music

When I read the book, I absolutely loved it! At that time I was teaching Spanish in elementary and middle school. The music teacher also taught strings in elementary to second and third graders, and to middle school students. It sparked an idea in me. We got together and looked at  the book illustrations. Then, we talked about the content of the book and how it would be a novel way of introducing her second and third graders to violin lessons, so we gave it a try.

Impromptu performance to students starting with violin lessons

We arranged a time that would work with our schedules and off we went! I started reading the book in Spanish and she started playing the violin following what I was reading. The second and third graders’ Spanish proficiency was limited and the book had what we would consider ‘big’ words. 

I used all possible body language to make it comprehensible to the students and to the music teacher. She was creating music, sounds, and melodies with her violin at the words’ rhythm. 

There is a part in the book that says that violins can jump, scream, mumble, complain, sing in whispers, and stomp on the floor. Well, the music teacher made the violin perform all those actions full of emotion, as if the violin were sort of speaking. The students broke into a loud applause and cheered us wholeheartedly. We were both humbled by our students’ reaction to the experience. 

Book becomes part of my classroom Spanish library

The next class, the students asked me to read the story again. I added the book to our classroom library and each time we had independent reading, students reread Olivia y el violin and recalled the experience.

What are some interdisciplinary connections experiences that you have to share?

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